The key difference between temporary and permanent hardness of water is that temporary hardness of water can be removed by boiling the water, whereas permanent hardness cannot be removed by boiling. ... However, calcium and magnesium are the most common sources of water hardness

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Temporary hardness is caused by the presence of dissolved bicarbonates of calcium, magnesium, and other heavy metals and the bicarbonates of iron.,The salts responsible for temporary hardness are Ca(HCO3)2 , Mg(HCO3)2

Permanent hardness is due to presence of dissolved chlorides and sulphates of calcium, magnesium, iron and other heavy metals.

Temporary hardness is removed by boiling known as clark’s method

Permanent hardness cannot be removed by boiling so in that case we have to use ion exchange method and calgon’s method

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