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The Sputnik 1 spacecraft was the first artificial satellite successfully placed in orbit around the Earth and was launched from Baikonur Cosmodrome at Tyuratam (370 km southwest of the small town of Baikonur) in Kazakhstan, then part of the former Soviet Union.
A satellite is any object which revolves around a planet in fixed orbits . Satellites can be artificial or natural. Sputnik 1 is the name of the first satellite.