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A person will get East African trypanosomiasis if he or she is bitten by a tsetse fly infected with the Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense parasite.
Sleeping sickness, also known as African trypanosomiasis, is caused by the parasitic flagellate Trypanosoma brucei, which is injected into the body by the tsetse fly. The disease occurs only in the 36 sub-Saharan African countries exposed to the tsetse fly.